This course will explore the procedures, methods, and institutional history of both the Inquisition and the Extirpation (the episcopal campaigns to uproot native ritual practices, or "idolatry") in colonial Spanish America. We will also analyze the diversity and dynamics of the responses to inquisitorial investigations and punishment by indigenous peoples, women, Jews, Africans, mestizos, and Spanish men. After a consideration of the social and institutional dynamics of inquisitorial efforts in 16th-century Spain and Italy, this course will analyze the early development of inquisitorial efforts between the early 1500's and 1571 in Mexico and the Andes, contrast the emergence of Inquisition tribunals in Mexico and Peru after 1571 with the proto-inquisitorial efforts to prosecute indigenous idolatry and sorcery by the episcopal tribunals, and examine the various trends in the prosecution of Jews, Protestants, and "illuminated" men and women in the 17th and 18th centuries. Students will prepare a presentation and a short paper; those proficient in Spanish will have the option of working with primary sources.