CRN	94107	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST / CLAS 100
Title	Ancient History
Professor	Carolyn Dewald
Schedule	Mon Wed 1:30 pm - 2:50 pm OLIN 202

Cross-listed: Classical Studies

The course has two main purposes: first, to see how much is implied by the notion of historical causation and what it means to 'think historically'; second, to gain a sense of the way the foundations of western culture were first shaped in the Near East and then developed quite distinctively in the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome. We will begin with the beginnings of recorded civilization in the Near East about 7000 BCE and will move fairly quickly through the Neolithic period, to the urban revolution of the third millennium (early Bronze Age). The focus then will sharpen to the Mediterranean basin: Greece (c.1600-320 BCE) and Rome (c. 600 BCE-430 CE). The main emphasis of the course will be on these latter two cultures and understanding how they came to be shaped in quite different and distinctive ways. We will also, however, focus on the chronological and causal sweep of ancient Mediterranean culture as a whole, from its first beginnings to the death of St. Augustine, with the Vandals storming the gates of Carthage. We will look at underlying features of geography and demography, archaeology (and how to read archaeological remains historically), developments in technology and trade, religion, politics, family organization, communities and governments, art and literacy -- and we will try to consider how all these different kinds of causally-linked factors come together in different ways, at different points in the chronological and geographical continuum of the ancient Mediterranean world.

CRN	94110	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 101
Title	Europe from 1000-1800
Professor	Alice Stroup
Schedule	Tu Th 11:30 am - 12:50 pm OLIN 202

The millennium opened a new era of European ascendancy. For three hundred years, Europe basked in warmer weather. Northern Europeans improved agriculture and lived longer, and a new middle class revived cities as centers of commerce and culture, on both sides of the Alps. Inventions like mechanical clocks, cannons, and mills inaugurated a first industrial revolution (complete with water- and air-pollution). Then came the apocalypse: a little ice age and the Black Death shaped the material conditions of life for the next five centuries. After fifty percent of Europeans died (1340-1350), famine and epidemic kept the population in check until the 1700s. Yet we associate these five hundred years with the invention of the printing press and the rise of literacy; with socio-intellectual ferments associated with Renaissance, Reformations and Counter-Reformations, Enlightenment, and Scientific Revolution; with socio-political revolutions that modernized the Netherlands, England, and France; and with the creation of a global empire. How can we explain the continued ascendancy of Europe in such hard times? To understand the paradoxical making of Europe, we will read primary sources and modern historical analyses.

CRN	94097	Distribution	C/ * (History)
Course No.	HIST 138
Title	The Mediterranean World
Professor	Tabetha Ewing
Schedule	Tu Th 4:30 pm - 5:50 pm OLIN 203

"The Mediterranean is not even a single sea, it is a complex of seas; and these seas are broken up by islands, interrupted by peninsulas, ringed by intricate coastlines. Its life is linked to the land, its poetry more than half-rural, its sailors may turn peasant with the seasons; it is the sea of vineyards and olive trees just as much as the sea of long-oared galleys and the roundships of merchants. . . ." This course is a historical journey to the Mediterranean world of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries using as our vehicle the great scholarship of Fernand Braudel, quoted above. We will consider geography, demography, climate, and economies in the first part of the course; the formation of social structures in the second; and Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religion and culture in the final third. Any student seeking an introduction to this period or these places --Spain, Italy, Southern France, and North Africa-- are invited to explore this exquisite basin of physical and human diversity.

CRN	94099	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 159 *Rethinking Difference
Title	Modern France
Professor	Tabetha Ewing
Schedule	Tu 3:00 pm - 4:20 pm OLIN 305 Fr 11:30 am - 12:50 pm OLIN 305

Cross-listed: Africana Studies, French Studies

Related interest: Asian Studies

The French nation gave birth to itself in 1789 but would be reborn as demographic and economic changes brought about through colonial relations forced new ideas about the progress of its political identity. This is a survey of French politics, society, and economy in the 19th and 20th centuries: from the French and Haitian Revolutions to the imperialist “civilizing mission  especially in West Africa to the fall of France in Indochina up to the Algerian War. Special attention will be given to France in southeast Asia. Making France modern (and anti-modern and colonial modern) would involve far more than a republican legacy and industrialization. The rise of the French intellectual, the reformulation of gender roles, the invention of race, and revolution and resistance in overseas territories contributed somehow to give France the most strongly articulated modern identity in Europe. First year students are encouraged.

CRN	94829	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 171
Title	The History of Communism in the Soviet Union from the Revolution to Stalin’s death.
Professor	Jonathan Brent
Schedule	Th 7:00 pm – 9:20 pm OLIN 202

The purpose of the course is to introduce students to the ideological, historical, and political development of communism in the Soviet Union from its inception in 1917/1918 to Stalin’s death in 1953. We will read background texts including works by Marx, Lenin, Gorky, Stalin, and Trotsky and a variety of secondary texts by Richard Pipes, Robert Tucker, and Robert Conquest.

CRN	94473	Distribution	C/ * (History)
Course No.	HIST 165
Title	Making Modern America, 1890’s – World War II
Professor	T. Andrew Needham
Schedule	Tu Th 11:30 am - 12:50 pm LC 210

Cross-listed: American Studies

The rise of industrial capitalism in the late 19th century deeply

transformed the United States. Railroad and telegraph lines linked the nation, connecting small towns to urban centers. Bustling factories grew in size and number. Millions of immigrants from Asia, Latin America, and Europe journeyed to and settled in the US. Cities grew in size and increasingly dominated the countryside that surrounded them. At the same

time, the US pursued, for the first time, overseas imperial ventures. All of these changes provoked conflict. As the 19th century drew to a close, electoral realignments, labor and agrarian unrest, conflicts over gender roles and norms, and campaigns for segregation and racial subjugation all convulsed the US. This course will explore how different Americans dealt with this new world in the first part of the 20th century. The course will focus on Americans’ interactions with industrial capitalism and the changes, crises, and inequalities it, in part, produced. We will read and view a variety of sources – histories of Black women in North Carolina, gay men in New York, workers in Chicago, and farmers on the Great Plains, along

with novels, poems, paintings and films – to understand how various people made sense of and tried to change their world. By examining their struggles for order, justice, and dignity, we will investigate how these people and others made modern America.

CRN	94224	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 2016
Title	Tudor-Stuart: England, Ireland, and Scotland
Professor	George Robb
Schedule	Wed Fr 11:30 am – 12:50 pm OLIN 306

This course will examine the inter-connected histories of the three kingdoms during the 16^th and 17^th centuries. Major themes will include the Protestant Reformation, the consolidation of national monarchies, the Civil War, and the struggles of the “Celtic Fringe” against English political and cultural domination. We will also examine such topics as the Northern Renaissance, the witch hunts, and overseas colonization.

CRN	94474	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 2036
Title	Inventing the US-Mexico Border
Professor	T. Andrew Needham
Schedule	Wed Fri 11:30 am – 12:50 pm OLIN 304

Cross-listed: American Studies, LAIS, SRE

The border is the physical boundary line that marks the geographic separation between the United States and Mexico. The border is also a place: a borderland where Mexican and American politics, cultures and societies meet, interact and conflict. In this course, we will examine both ideas of the border: the making and enforcing of a boundary line and the place made by those who live on both sides of the border. Our approach will be based in the assumption that while the boundary line between the United States and Mexico was fixed in 1848, the meaning of that boundary, and of the border region it created, is constantly contested and remade. We will examine how multiple actors, from national governments, to Hollywood and Mexican cinema, to writers and poets living in the Mexican American borderlands sought to define and control the border throughout history. As we read, watch, and discuss these actors, we will focus on two central questions. First, how do they define (and live) the border? Second, what do their works tell us about

how people in Mexico and the United States under stood the border at various moments in history?

CRN	94090	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 2110
Title	Early Middle Ages
Professor	Alice Stroup
Schedule	Tu Th 10:00 am - 11:20 am OLIN 308

Cross-listed: Classical Studies, Medieval Studies

Related interest: French Studies

The European "middle ages" -originally so called as a term of derision—are more complex and heterogeneous than is commonly thought. This course surveys seven centuries, from the Germanic invasions and dissolution of the Roman Empire to the Viking invasions and dissolution of the Carolingian Empire. Topics include early Christianity, "barbarians," Byzantine Empire, Islam, monasticism, the myth and reality of Charlemagne. Readings include documents, Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy, Einhard's Life of Charlemagne, and selections from Ammianus Marcellinus's The Later Roman Empire and Gregory of Tours's History of the Franks. Open to first year students.

CRN	94641	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 2119
Title	Open and Closed: The History and Conduct of Intelligence in the United States, from the Revolution to the War in Iraq
Professor	Caleb Carr
Schedule	Mon Wed 7:00 pm – 8:20 pm HDRANX 106

Aldrich Ames, one of the greatest double-agents in the history of America's intelligence community, declared following his capture in 1994 that "the espionage business, as carried out by the CIA and a few other self-serving agencies, was and is a self-serving sham." The inability of the CIA or any of America's dozens of other intelligence services to predict almost every meaningful turn in world affairs since 1947 -- from the Berlin Crisis of the very next year, on through the fall of the Soviet Union and, it appears, the run-up to the present Iraq war -- seem to bear Ames' words out: but not entirely. There DO exist departments within each intelligence agency that have served our country well: the much-maligned research and analysis departments. In this course, students will both learn about the roots of the dual nature of American intelligence -- the flashy operational side and the anonymous but more important R & A teams -- as well as get a hands-on experience of the latter. While operative intelligence relies primarily on "closed" or classified intelligence, R & A teams exploit the value of "open" intelligence -- of information available to almost anyone who cares to go looking for it, in the media, online, etc. Working together, students in this course will establish their own "agency" based upon open intelligence, to try to determine whether espionage and covert intelligence make any difference at all, or if America could not drastically reduce its intelligence expenditure -- as well as end the dangers and infamies that closed intelligence so often causes -- by focusing primarily on open intelligence. Long before Aldrich Ames, Henry Stimson -- Hoover's Secretary of State and later FDR's Secretary of War -- was asked about setting up an intelligence agency inside the state department, and answered, "It is more important to read a man's mind than his mail." Is this true? Students should expect a moderate amount of text reading, but heavy hours of research in periodicals and online, in trying to find an answer.

CRN	94106	Distribution	C / * (Social Science)
Course No.	HIST / SOC 214 *Rethinking Difference
Title	American Immigration: Contemporary Realities and Historical Legacies
Professor	Joel Perlmann
Schedule	Tu Th 4:30 pm - 5:50 pm OLIN 205

Cross listed: Africana Studies, American Studies, Human Rights, SRE

This course examines the huge contemporary immigration (since the 1960s) -- its effect on both the immigrants and the society they have entered.    Throughout, one question will be to understand how the present American experience is similar to, and how it differs from, the earlier American experience as "a country of immigrants"; to this end, we will compare the present to the last great period of American immigration, 1890-1920. Specific topics include 1) immigrant origins and reasons for coming, because today great numbers enter the upper-middle class and millions more enter (as in the past) at the bottom of the economic ladder;   2) how immigrants seek to preserve or shed cultural distinctiveness and ethnic unity;  3) how the children of the immigrants are faring; 4) American politics and legislation around immigration restriction 4) the economic and cultural impact of the immigrants on American society generally; 5) how a largely-non-white immigrant population is influencing the political culture of American racial divisions and the economic position of the native-born poor, among whom blacks are especially concentrated.    Readings will be mostly from social science and history but will also include memoir, fiction, and policy debate.

CRN	94054	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 232
Title	American Urban History
Professor	Myra Armstead
Schedule	Tu Th 8:30 am - 9:50 am OLIN 202

Cross-listed: Africana Studies, American Studies, Environmental Studies

The course is a study of urbanization in America, as a social process best understood by relevant case studies. Topics will include the establishment of the nation’s urban network, the changing function of cities, the European roots of American city layout and governance, urban social structure, the emergence of urban culture, and American views of cities.

CRN	94108	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 2530
Title	China in Revolution: Nationalism to Maoism
Professor	Robert Culp
Schedule	Mon Wed 10:00 am - 11:20 am OLIN 202

Cross-listed: Asian Studies, Human Rights

In October 1949 Mao Zedong stood at the Gate of Heavenly Peace outside the old imperial palace and proclaimed the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Mao’s declaration was the culmination of several generations’ efforts to create New China. This course explores the intertwined processes of nationalism and revolution that drove this transformation. Studying China’s successive republican, cultural, nationalist, "fascist," and communist revolutions will allow us to explore the causes and effects of different kinds of revolutionary movements. We will trace China’s revolutionary process from the beginnings of modern mass mobilization at the start of the twentieth century to the revolutionary cataclysms of Mao’s Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution during the 1950s and 1960s. At the same time, we will explore how novels, films, and folk songs, hairstyles and popular fashions, mass protests and state-run spectacles transformed Chinese culture and taught China’s people to think of themselves as citizens of a nation for the first time in their 3,000 year history. No prior study of Chinese history is necessary for this class; first-year students are welcome. HIST 2530 forms a sequence with PS130 “Reform and Revolution: Introduction to Chinese Politics”, which analyzes modern Chinese politics in comparative perspective.

CRN	94098	Distribution	B/C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 306
Title	Intellectual Traditions of African-American Women
Professor	Tabetha Ewing
Schedule	Th 1:30 pm - 3:50 pm OLIN 306

Cross-list: Africana Studies, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Human Rights, SRE

Black women's thought has remained hidden from the mainstream history of ideas, willfully sequestered in diaries, private correspondence, and the minutes of semi-private organizations or carelessly excluded by formal institutions. There exists an intellectual tradition of Afro-American women that is as rich and diverse as the experiences that helped to shape it. This seminar will focus on ideas about slavery, race, color, anger, class, work (especially domestic service), suffrage, resistance, gender and sexuality, marriage, motherhood, charity, religion and spirituality, Africa (imagined), and escape. In the first part of the course we will read essayists, such as. Audre Lorde, Alice Walker, and Patricia Hill Collins, who write about Black women and explicitly draw on pre-existing traditions. Their methodologies will help to guide through a sensitive and pointed exploration of the primary sources that will be the focus of the second part of the seminar. Students will work chronologically from the mid-19th century to mid-20th century, always across the disciplines, using letters, fiction, institutional documents, music, art, and film to get at this subject, which by definition does not exist.

CRN	94431	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 3119
Title	Textbooks and Citizenship in U. S. History
Professor	Myra Armstead
Schedule	Mon 8:30 am - 10:50 am OLIN 305

Cross-listed: American Studies

The primary method for teaching social studies, civics, and history in public schools throughout the world is the textbook. Yet because the textbook is a modern invention, a by-product largely of the nation-building process, it is open to question and therefore appropriate for historical analysis. This course explores the reasons for the appearance of the textbook and investigates the shifting content of social studies and (American) history textbooks in the United States. We will examine how these issues are related to the ultimate goal of textbook creators and proponents: the creation of national citizens. The class also considers the shifting ways in which textbooks prepare their readers for participation in global interactions. This class can be used as a major conference in History and/or American Studies. Students will be expected to produce a long research paper using relevant primary sources--e.g., directives from state regents boards, local school board debates, and textbooks themselves.

CRN	94225	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 3127
Title	Crime and Punishment in Victorian Society
Professor	George Robb
Schedule	Wed 4:00 pm – 6:20 pm OLIN 308

Cross-listed: Victorian Studies

This course will study the nineteenth-century origins of the modern prison and police systems as well as debates over the causes and nature of criminality. Special emphasis will be placed on Victorian representations of crime and on issues related to gender and sexuality. Students will develop individual research projects related to sensational Victorian crimes or criminal trials.

CRN	94475	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 3128
Title	Nature and Technology in Modern America
Professor	T. Andrew Needham
Schedule	Tu 1:30 pm – 3:50 pm OLIN 306

Cross-listed: American Studies, Environmental Studies

At first glance, nature and technology appear to be stark opposites. The first created by long-term ecological processes, the second made by humans. Look more closely, however, and the line between the two blurs. Is electricity generated at hydroelectric dams a function of nature or technology? What about farm raised salmon? Genetically modified foods? The modern American suburb? The Nature Company™? This class will investigate interconnections between natural and technological systems from post-Civil War America to the present day. We will concentrate on three broad sets of questions. First, how have historians from a variety of backgrounds understood the intersection of nature and technology? Second, how have these systems structured and shaped human ideas about nature and technology? Third, how have they changed the social experiences of humans, plants, and animals?

CRN	94027	Distribution	C / * (History)
Course No.	HIST 340
Title	The Politics of History
Professor	Robert Culp
Schedule	Tu 4:00 pm - 6:20 pm OLIN 307

Cross-listed: Human Rights, SRE

What are the origins of history as a modern discipline? How have particular modes of history developed in relation to nationalism, imperialism, and the emergence of the modern state? How have modern historical techniques served to produce ideology? Moreover, how has history provided a tool for unmasking and challenging different forms of domination and the ideologies that help to perpetuate them? This course will address these questions through theoretical readings that offer diverse perspectives on the place of narrative in history, the historian's relation to the past, the construction of historiographical discourses, and the practice of historical commemoration. Other readings will critically assess the powerful roles that historical narrative, commemoration, and institutions like the museum have played in the processes of imperialism and nation building, as well as in class and gender politics. Some of the writers to be discussed will be Hayden White, Dominick LaCapra, Michel Foucault, G.W.F. Hegel, Walter Benjamin, Joan Wallach Scott, and theorists active in the Subaltern Studies movement. In addition to our common readings, students will write a research paper that builds on the critical perspectives we have discussed during the semester. Students who have moderated in history are particularly welcome.